What is the main purpose of aircraft hardening?

The main purpose of aircraft hardening is to minimize damage to the aircraft once it has been hit. This involves reinforcing certain structural elements and installing protective systems to increase the resilience of the aircraft against various threats, such as enemy fire or shrapnel from explosions. By hardening the aircraft, it can sustain more damage and still remain operable, which can be crucial for the safety of the crew and the success of the mission. This approach is particularly relevant in military aviation, where survivability in hostile environments is a critical factor.

Improving fuel efficiency, facilitating easier maintenance, and enhancing maneuverability are important considerations in aircraft design and operation, but they do not directly relate to the concept of hardening. Hardening specifically targets the protection and durability of the aircraft in combat situations, making it a unique and essential aspect of military aviation strategy.